The basic characteristics of novels are to shape characters, have a complete storyline, describe a specific environment, and to set the questions of college entrance examination questions.
The "three elements" of novels
, naturally, this is also the key point that you must pay attention to when reading novels. What candidates need to know is that the environment and circumstances are common
It is often used to serve to shape characters, and to shape characters is to express the theme.
one. Appreciation of characters
Appreciation method:
Our appreciation of the characters in the novel mainly starts from three aspects.
First, the character's personality is always expressed through descriptive means. The main method of portraying characters in a novel is through the words that describe characters.
Words, actions and psychology express the characters' thoughts, feelings and personality traits. As the saying goes:
"Speaking is the voice of the heart"
, that is, character language is character thought
I want to express my personality, and as for the description of the characters' psychological activities, I even confess my love directly. On the other hand, the actions of the characters in the work,
It is a vivid expression of the character's thoughts and personalities, such as
Q
Kwong Yiji's defense of stealing a book, Warwick first
The student rushed to have meetings everywhere, spoke in a full voice, and so on, which all showed the character's personality characteristics well. In addition, the novel describes the person
There are also portrait descriptions, expression descriptions, details descriptions, etc. There are both general introductions and specific descriptions; there are both positive descriptions
Writing also has side highlights. When analyzing the character image, you must grasp these specific descriptive sentences to understand and understand, such as "Kong Yiji"
In one article,
Describing Kong Yiji's appearance,
Write about his clothes
“A dirty and torn gown”
，
Write about him pedantic,
Vanity character,
It also reflects that he has been deeply poisoned by the imperial examination system.
Second, the characters in the novel are all active in a certain context. Therefore, when analyzing the characters' images, we also need to contact the characters' activities.
Social and historical background and natural environment in the text.
It accurately grasps the distinctive personality of the characters,
And deeply understand the social significance of the characters
(Common)
。
We must be good at understanding the emotions and moods of characters from the description of the natural environment, and we must be good at the relationships between characters, characters and circles.
Understand the character characteristics of the character in the relationship between the environment.
Third, the characters' personalities are often revealed by traditional techniques such as upside down, reality, contrast, and contrast.
In addition, to establish who the protagonist of the novel is, we can analyze it from five aspects: the title of some works indicates the protagonist, which is the best way to spread.
The character who reaches the theme is the protagonist, and the protagonist is closely related to the plot. The lifelike character that the author has tried his best to portray is the protagonist
Characters, the character who uses the most ink of the author is often the protagonist.
Common proposition methods:
①
What kind of person is the protagonist of the novel? Please analyze it in combination with the specific content of the novel. ②What kind of person is XXX? Please briefly
Analyze their personality traits. ③
Analyze the image of a certain character.
Problem solution:
First of all, we should grasp the characteristics of the characters in the novel in general and determine whether the author's emotional tendency is praise or criticism, praise or satirical. Then draw the small
The sentences about the words and deeds of this character, as well as the author's comments or the author's evaluation of him through other characters in the work. catch
Looking at what description method is used, analyzing the character characteristics of the character through the description of the character (language, action, psychology, portrait, details).
Classification and summary are carried out on this basis. Finally, choose the appropriate words and sentences to express them.
Example analysis:
①
What kind of person is the protagonist Kong Yiji in "Kong Yiji"?
Answer: Kong Yiji is "tall"
"The face is blue and white, and there are often some scars in the wrinkles; a messy and white beard."
“Although I wear it long
The shirt is dirty and torn”
"He always speaks to people."
. He said, "Stolen books cannot be considered stealing."
, He taught "I" to read,
Divide fennel beans for the children to eat. It can be seen that Kong Yiji is a man who has been poisoned by the imperial examination system. He claims to be aloof, pedantic, and deceiving himself.
He is lazy and hates labor, but he is also kind-hearted.
② Is the protagonist of "Medicine" Xia Yu or Hua Laoshuan? Please analyze it in combination with the novel content.
answer:
The protagonist of "Medicine" is Hua Laoshuan, not Xia Yu.
A.
"Medicine" describes the ignorance and numbness of the masses, and the sorrow of revolutionaries is also the
Caused by the ignorance of the masses.
B.
The whole article focuses on depicting Hua Laoshuan. The author shows that through actions, psychological descriptions and environment
Hua Laoshuan has shown his personality traits such as ignorance and numbness and honesty.
C.
The author writes about Hua Laoshuan and secretly about Xia Yu. Intent is to bring down the bad roots of the people
Sex is exposed, so it positively describes Hua's ignorance. Taking a side description of Xia Yu is just a contrast to the unconscious masses, and it is even deeper
The people's bad natures are exposed and the people are reminded to transform their nature.
two. Appreciation of plot
Appreciation method:
The appreciation of the novel plot can be started from four aspects.
First, clarify the clues of plot development formed by basic contradictions and conflicts, clarify the origin of the story, from the beginning, development, climax, and end
The whole process of the bureau is to grasp the story content, and pay special attention to analyzing the development and climax parts. Good at experiencing the profound meanings contained in the plot
Life philosophy and social reality.
second,
The plot of appreciation novels starts with details.
Details often become topics.
Foreshadowing and finishing touch are the hot choices of the questioner.
In addition, you should also pay attention to appreciating the expression effects of flashbacks, interludes, foreshadowing, suspense, etc. in the plot of the novel.
Third, short stories must have a plot "turn"
(i.e. the changes in plot and emotions)
;Because of shortness, conflict often ends abruptly in the climax,
It is thought-provoking. This makes the ending sentence often the finishing touch and is the key to understanding the whole article.
Fourth, the plot always serves to shape the character. The process of sorting out the plot is the process of feeling the character of the characters, and
It is a process of understanding the theme of the novel. For example, Lin Chong in "Water Margin" was originally a ban on 800,000 yuan reading and problem-solving techniques for Tokyo college entrance examination novels.
Military coach, holds a high position. In the first five chapters, the novel describes the inspiration of "the wife was humiliated"
、
"Entering the White Tiger Hall with a knife"
、
"Stand up with Cangzhou Road"
、
"A big fuss in the wild boar forest"
、
"Fire Forage Field"
、
The plots such as "Wind and Snow Mountain Temple" show the process of Lin Chong being forced to Liangshan step by step.
A "loyal minister" who obeys the enemy eventually becomes a "hero" who commits rebellion
, its character portrayal uses the plot promotion method.
Common proposition methods:
①
Please briefly describe what a certain sentence with a lined function does in the text. ②
A plot of the novel is drawn, and the characters of the novel are portrayed and
Does the performance of the theme have any impact? Why? ③
Why do novels have to write about a certain incident? ④
In what aspects does the novel mean to a certain
The characters are foreshadowed, find them out and make a brief analysis.
Problem solution:
When solving problems, you still need to find ideas from the three elements of the novel, clarify the plot conception to express the purpose of the characters, and combine the general role of the plot.
Thinking about answering questions: ① It is the role of expressing the topic. Its function is generally to highlight the topic or highlight the topic. ② It is about shaping the character image
role. Either develop the character's personality or express the character's personality. ③ It is the role of the composition of the entire storyline.
Generally speaking, it promotes the development of the storyline.
Example analysis:
The ending of the novel "Necklace" is unexpected, but is it reasonable? Please analyze it in combination with relevant circumstances.
Answer: It is reasonable. ①
When borrowing the necklace, Madame Forestier readily agreed:
"sure.
"It looks quite generous, this is
It suggests that the necklace is fake. ②
When Mathilde bought necklaces everywhere, the jewelry store owner said, "I only sell this box."
, which implies
The chain and the box are not original.
③
When Mathilde went to return the necklace, Mrs. Forestier "had not opened the box to see it"
, this is again
It suggests that necklaces are not expensive jewelry. So, it was unexpected that Madame Forestier said in his own words that the necklace was fake,
But it makes sense.
three. Appreciation of themes
Appreciation method:
There are four methods to appreciate the novel theme: First, analyze the theme based on the plot and character image of the novel. Second, contact the novel description
Typical environmental analysis topic. Third, analyze the theme based on the author's life, creative motivation and writing era background, that is, knowing people and discussing the world.
Fourth, analyze the theme based on the author's emotional color of the language described by the character.
When grasping the theme, you do not start from the objective reality of the work, and you cannot avoid cognitive bias and emotional or emotional extremes, and you do not take it seriously.