Analyze and summarize the characteristics of characters in novels
Analyzing the characters is the key to understanding novels. The novel mainly impresses and infects readers through distinct and unique characters. The summary and analysis of characters are almost a must-have question for novel reading: some questions only test the ability to summarize, not analyze; some questions are summarized first and then analyzed.
[Example] (2016·Shandong Paper) (See the test points of this topic for the first test point and the second test example) What kind of character is Wu Qiuming in the article? Please summarize it briefly.
Analysis From the article, Wu Qiuming is a "single" and "doctoral in psychology"; he is familiar with children's psychology and can apply what he has learned; he is simple, kind, caring, and truly loves children in the Children's Village, and caring for them with practical actions. A brief summary can be given to the answer.
Answer: Wu Qiuming is the image of a careful, patient, caring and attractive single female doctor of psychology.
【Ask Ask a Method】
1. What are the personality characteristics of ×× in the work? Please briefly analyze it.
2. What kind of character is ×× in the novel? What kind of mentality does he (she) have? Please briefly analyze it.
3. Please summarize the personality characteristics of ×× and ×× and make a brief analysis.
【Knowledge reserve】
The characters in the novel, also known as typical characters, were created by the author based on real life and using the artistic technique of "mixed all kinds and synthesized one". Compared with the prototypes in life, the characters in the novel are often more representative.
The image characteristics of the characters in the novel include two aspects: external characteristics and internal characteristics. External characteristics refer to the character's appearance, occupation, living habits, etc., while internal characteristics refer to the character's psychological state, spiritual qualities, etc.
To grasp the image characteristics of the characters in the novel, we should start from the following two points: First, pay attention to the identity, status, experience, education and temperament of the characters in the novel, because they directly determine the characters' words and deeds and affect the characters' personality; second, combine the novel's direct description of the characters' language, appearance, actions and psychology, as well as indirect descriptions of the environment, relationships with others, etc. to grasp the characters' thoughts, feelings and personality characteristics.
1. Describe characters
2. Use the character's identity, status, experience, upbringing, temperament, etc. to express the character
The identity of the character, the social status he possesses, his life experience, personal cultivation, and upbringing in the novel directly determines the character's words and deeds and affects the character's personality. For example, Master Lu Si in "Blessings" is "an old student of reasoning" and a firm defender of feudal ethics. His thoughts are rigid, opposing the new party and all changes are already the * era, and he is still in the feudal era. As for Xianglin Sao, at first, she felt it was unlucky because she was a widow, but she could tolerate it. Later, Xianglin Sao remarried back, and he really couldn't tolerate it because in his feudal ethics, remarriage was the biggest sin of a woman, and he was afraid of defiling his ancestors. It is precisely because of this discrimination that Xianglin Sao's hope of living was completely destroyed. She was swept out of the house, died in tragic, and was scolded for being called "false".
3. Use the plot to show the character's image (personality) characteristics
The plot is the process of advancing the novel story and the history of the character's development. In the plot, the character's distinct personality is reproduced by describing the character's appearance, behavior and psychological state. Therefore, to appreciate the character, you must start with the plot.
4. Place characters in a specific social and historical context
The characters in the novel are all active in a certain social and historical context. If you appreciate characters without the social and historical background of the characters' activities, it is impossible to correctly understand the characters, and it is even more impossible to understand the social significance of the characters' images. Because the character's personality formation is related to his living environment, the author uses a character to shape him as a typical character in a specific historical period. Whether a character is successfully portrayed depends not only on whether he has a distinct "personality", but also on whether he has broad "commonities". The analysis of the "commonities" of characters must be grasped in a certain social and historical context. Ruxiang Linsao is a typical representative of the lower-class women in rural China during the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.
[Tips] The first three articles focus on the analysis of the characters' personalities, and this article focuses on the analysis of common characteristics. It is best to use a combination of the two to analyze the character image.
Skills for solving novel characters and figure problems
1. Analyzing the problem-solving thinking method of character image problems
(1) Grasp the characteristics. Overall, grasp the characteristics of the characters in the novel and determine whether the author's emotional tendency is praise or criticism, praise or satirical. Then draw the sentences about the character's words and deeds in the novel, as well as the author's comments or the author's evaluation of him through other characters in the work.
(2) Analysis method. Depend on what description method is used, analyze the character characteristics of the character through character description (language, action, psychology, portrait, details), and classify and summarize it on this basis. Finally, choose the appropriate words and sentences to express them.
2. Solve the problem of inaccurate analysis or generalization of character image characteristics
(1) Understand the plot of the story and understand whether the author praises or criticizes the characters in the novel, whether they are affirmative or negative.
(2) When analyzing specific characters' words, deeds and details in a certain place in the text, you should not analyze them in isolation, but should focus on the whole article, observe them before and after, and analyze them in combination with the general background and specific situation of the work.
(3) When analyzing, refer to the identity, status and environment of the character to prevent arbitrarily elevating or derogating.
(4) Use words that summarize the characteristics of the image to carefully consider the words and carefully consider them. It is best to use the words in the original text.
In addition, we must have a thinking perspective of judging people based on historical era, social culture and national characteristics. For example, summarizing and analyzing characters in foreign novels should not be based on Chinese cultural concepts and aesthetic habits, but should have a Western cultural perspective and judged from their social, historical and cultural background at that time.
Answer templates that analyze and summarize the characteristics of novel characters
1. Comprehensive expression. Use a judgment sentence to express: ×× is a person with... (ideology and personality traits) +... (identity and status).
2. Point-point enumeration formula. Characteristic characteristics of ××: Characteristics 1 + analysis; Characteristics 2 + analysis; Characteristics 3 + analysis.
【practise】
With the help of his classmates who are ministers, Malan became a counselor in the Administrative Court. ...Out of a sense of responsibility of a powerful and magnanimous person, he suddenly felt a desire to be unable to suppress his desire to protect others. No matter where he met an acquaintance, he would happily greet him. Without waiting for someone to ask, he quickly said, "You know, I am a counselor now and I want to contribute some effort to you. If there is something useful to me, please don't be polite, just give me some instructions. I have some power in this position."
One morning, he went to the Administrative Court and met an old priest at the door of shelter from the rain (referring to Santir, who was accused of doing many despicable and dirty things), and he said:
"If you want, Father, I can use my umbrella with you. I go to the Administrative Court, where I am a counselor.
"Hmph! You have encountered a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, Father. Look, look, with me, your matter must be solved very smoothly."
When he learned that the priest was a liar and had damaged his reputation, Zhang Huang said to his colleague Petipa in a dilemma, "Don't mention it... Look... I'm fooled... He looks so honest... He fooled me... despicable and shameful. I beg you, please try to punish him hard, the more ruthless the better. I want to write a letter. Please tell me, who should I write to if I punish him?... Yes, find the Archbishop!"
(Excerpt from Maupassant's "Protective Man") The above text mainly describes Maran's language. What kind of personality traits does he express?
Analysis: This passage vividly describes Maran's "can't suppress the desire to protect others", "power" and "protective umbrella" were his crutches. Later, the protection of the "scammer" he took the initiative to take on, but he revealed his true form. When answering this question, you should analyze the actual connection between the character's language and the character's inner world, and then understand the character's personality characteristics.
Answer: From the words he said to his acquaintance and the strange priest, on the one hand, he can see his innocence, enthusiasm, and lack of principles, and on the other hand, he can see his show-off, vanity, selfishness, and arrogance. From what he said to his colleague Petippa, he can see his selfishness and change of power.
2. Read the following text and complete the following questions.
(He rented a yellow croaker truck and transported the books from the freight station to Jing'an Temple. The man riding the yellow croaker truck was a young man, and he followed him on a bicycle.)
On the way, the young man asked him, "Your family lives in Jing'an Temple?" He said, "Yes." The young man asked again, "Do you have a bathtub?" He became alert and thought, is this man going to take a bath at his house? He said vaguely, "Yes." The young man continued, "Where are you working?" "Then do you have a bathtub in your unit?" The young man asked again. He said, "Yes, yes, but..." He also wanted to go vaguely, but the young man looked at him and waited for the following text, so he had to continue, "However, the bathtub was basically unwashed, it was too big and needed a lot of hot water."
The trees on both sides of the road are sparse. The sun was roasting their backs, and their sweatshirts were wet. From the goods station to Jing'an Temple, it almost penetrates the entire Shanghai. He was very thirsty, but he thought to himself, "If you drink soda, should you buy it for him?" Thinking of this, he gave up his thoughts.
The young man asked again, "Do you take a bath at home or at work every day?" He said "at home", but when he thought that this person might want to take a bath at his house, he changed his words and said "unit". At this time, I remembered that I had just said that there was no one to use the bathtub for the unit, so I added: "It depends on the situation." The man then asked, "Is your bathtub big or small?" He had no choice but to say, "It's very small." "How small?" "People like me have to curl their legs while sitting inside." "Then you have to fill up the water and soak it in it; or just stand inside and pour water on your body with a basin, which is more water-saving." "Yes." He agreed, but his heart moved, looked at the man's sweaty body, thinking: Actually, it's nothing to let him take a shower. But when I thought of some truths about women saying "The kitchen can be used together, but the bathroom cannot be used together", I didn't think about it anymore. At this time, we had arrived in the city. The sycamore trees on both sides were tall and dense, and the cicadas were shouting lazily. The wind blew on the sweaty body, which was very cool. He was very thirsty. He had decided to buy two bottles of soda, one bottle of him, and one bottle of that person. But there is no cold drink shop on the roadside. (Excerpt from Wang Anyi's "Bathing")
Please summarize the personality characteristics of "him" based on the psychological description in the above paragraph.
Analysis: From the first paragraph, "he" wants to drink soda, but is worried about buying it for others, to the second paragraph, a series of guesses about taking a bath, and finally decides to buy two bottles of soda, showing his smart, thoughtful, stingy and kind personality. When writing an answer, you should start from the entire process of the character's psychological activities and focus on the two aspects of the character's "good and bad".
Answer: "He" has both a shrewd, sensitive, delicate, cautious, thoughtful, stingy and even stingy side, and a kind and reasonable side.